Showing posts with label neuropathic pain. Show all posts
Showing posts with label neuropathic pain. Show all posts

Monday, November 10, 2008

Avigen Announces Restructuring and Strategic Direction





ALAMEDA, Calif., Nov 3, 2008 (GlobeNewswire via COMTEX News Network) -- Avigen, Inc. (Nasdaq:AVGN), a biopharmaceutical company innovating therapeutics for neurological care, today announced a significant restructuring of the company aimed at preserving cash and reassessing its strategic opportunities. As a result of the restructuring, which will involve staff reductions of over 70 percent of the company's total workforce, Avigen expects to have sufficient cash to fund operations for over four years.

"Our deepest gratitude goes out to all the talented and dedicated employees who have worked so hard to complete a timely and well executed AV650 clinical program, as well as enhance the value of our other clinical-stage drug candidates from our internal research and development," said Kenneth Chahine, Ph.D., J.D., Avigen's President and Chief Executive Officer. "By reducing to only a core team, however, we can significantly lower our infrastructure costs, while retaining the know-how and expertise necessary to monetize our current assets and identify opportunities to acquire new assets. We believe our strong cash position and management team will make Avigen an attractive partner in this challenging financial climate."

Highlights:


-- Avigen expects to end 2008 with top-line cash and securities of
approximately $49 million and believes this restructuring
will extend its resources to support at least four years of
operations, including providing funds to develop one asset to a
meaningful value inflection point without additional equity
financings.

-- Avigen's contract with Sanochemia Pharmaceutica AG regarding
AV650 has been terminated to avoid further payment obligations
on the part of Avigen.

-- Avigen believes the breadth and value of AV411 can be best
realized with the support of a partner; therefore, Avigen
intends to seek a partner and does not currently plan to
initiate the Phase 2b development program for neuropathic
pain. Current and future National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded
Phase 2a trials in opioid withdrawal and methamphetamine relapse
will continue.

-- Proceeds from the sale or partnering of Avigen's current assets
(AV411 and AV513) could significantly increase its cash position
and its ability to develop additional assets to meaningful value
inflection points without additional equity financings.


"Our experienced team has faced similar challenges, and has demonstrated the ability to take decisive action to create valuable opportunities," said Dr. Chahine. "Given the current economic environment, we believe this strategy represents a sound plan that will not only withstand, but capitalize on, the current market conditions."

About AV411

AV411 is a first-in-class orally bioavailable small molecule, a glial attenuator that suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, and IL-6, and may upregulate the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. While considered a New Molecular Entity (NME) in the United States and Europe, the drug was first approved in Japan more than 15 years ago. The drug has been prescribed to over one million patients for a different indication and has a good post-marketing safety profile in nearly 15,000 patients studied at the prescribed doses.

Glial activation in the brain and spinal cord contribute to the establishment and amplification of the chronic pain state. As part of its program investigating glial attenuation as a novel approach to the treatment of neuropathic pain, Avigen discovered that AV411 (ibudilast) was efficacious in standard preclinical models of opioid withdrawal. While ibudilast was initially developed as a non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor for the treatment of bronchial asthma, its efficacy in neuropathic pain models appears to be independent of this activity. AV411 has advanced through Phase 1 and 2a clinical trials for neuropathic pain and is currently in a NIDA-funded trial with Columbia University addiction research specialists for opioid withdrawal. Additional preclinical research has revealed that AV411 can attenuate opioid-induced glial activation and both behavioral and neurochemical markers of opioid-induced reward and withdrawal. Moreover, collaborative studies with NIDA have revealed utility in methamphetamine relapse in animals which is being translated to a NIDA-funded exploratory clinical trial with UCLA investigators in 2009. Based on its research, Avigen has filed for patents protecting the use of AV411, as well as for patents on AV411 analogs which the company believes have the potential to be effective second generation molecules. Additional information on AV411 can be found on Avigen's website at www.avigen.com.

About Avigen

Avigen is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing unique small molecule therapeutics to treat serious neurological disorders, including neuropathic pain and opioid addiction and withdrawal. Avigen's strategy is to complete the requirements of clinical development for each of the candidates in its product pipeline, and continue to look for opportunities to expand its pipeline through a combination of internal research, acquisitions and in-licensing, with the goal of becoming a fully integrated commercial biopharmaceutical company that remains committed to its neurology products. Avigen is currently developing AV411 for neuropathic pain, as well as opioid withdrawal and addiction in collaboration with NIDA. Additionally, the company is advancing AV513, a novel therapy for the treatment of multiple bleeding disorders, including hemophilia A and B, toward clinical trials. For more information about Avigen, consult the company's website at www.avigen.com.

The Avigen, Inc. logo is available at http://www.globenewswire.com/newsroom/prs/?pkgid=2981

Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act

This press release contains forward-looking statements, which include, among others, statements relating to Avigen's expectations that the current restructuring and staff reduction will reduce its infrastructure costs and extend its financial resources to support at least four years of operations without additional equity financings; that it will retain the know-how and expertise necessary to monetize its current assets; that it will be able to identify and acquire new assets; that it will be able to secure a partner to initiate the AV411 Phase 2b development program for neuropathic pain; that current and future National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded trials in opioid withdrawal or methamphetamine relapse will continue; that Avigen can avoid further payment obligations to Sanochemia beyond those already paid; that it will be able to take any asset to a meaningful value inflection point with or without additional equity financings; that it can generate any proceeds from the sale or partnering of current assets; and that the Company's current strategy will allow it to withstand or capitalize on the current market conditions. These risks and uncertainties include: unexpected expenses incurred with respect to the restructuring may occur; savings from the restructuring may not be as much as Avigen expects due to unexpected impediments to reducing expenses; in this economic environment, Avigen may not be able to find a partner for AV411 on terms favorable to Avigen; that costs necessary to bring products to a meaningful inflection point may be more than Avigen expects; and those detailed in reports filed by Avigen with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Avigen's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2008, under the caption "Risks Related to Our Business" in Item 2 of Part I of that report, which was filed with the SEC on August 11, 2008.

This news release was distributed by GlobeNewswire, www.globenewswire.com

SOURCE: Avigen, Inc.

Avigen, Inc.
Michael Coffee, Chief Business Officer
510-748-7372
IR@avigen.com
1301 Harbor Bay Parkway
Alameda, CA 94502

Monday, September 08, 2008

Positive Sativex® Study Confirms Long Term Efficacy in MS Neuropathic Pain





08/09/2008

Results Support Designof Ongoing Phase III MS Spasticity Study

Porton Down, UK, 8 September 2008: GW Pharmaceuticals plc (GWP:AIM) announces positive results from a placebo-controlled “randomized withdrawal” study of Sativex® in patients with neuropathic pain due to Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This study design is described by regulators as being sufficient to satisfy the need for long-term efficacy data.

This randomized withdrawal study evaluated 42 MS patients with central neuropathic pain who had previously been in a Sativex Phase III MS neuropathic pain study and who continued to take Sativex on an open label basis for 12 weeks. They were then randomized to Sativex or placebo for a further 4 weeks in a double-blinded manner. During the randomized period, patients were not permitted to adjust their dose. The purpose of this blinded 4-week “randomized withdrawal” study was to assess the maintenance of pain control in patients who remain on Sativex versus those who switch to placebo.

In the patients who were randomized to Sativex pain scores remained stable. In the patients randomized to placebo, pain and sleep scores deteriorated. The prospectively defined primary efficacy endpoint of the study - the time to treatment failure - was statistically significantly in favour of Sativex (p=0.036). The difference between Sativex and placebo was also significant for mean pain score (p=0.028) and sleep quality (p=0.015). The results of all other symptom-related endpoints showed that Sativex patients maintained or improved their response whilst the symptoms of those who switched from Sativex to placebo worsened in the 4 weeks following cessation of active treatment. During the randomized withdrawal period, there were 2 patients with adverse events on Sativex, and 5 on placebo. One patient on placebo withdrew from the study. There was no evidence of any withdrawal syndrome.

Until now, all the evidence for long-term maintenance of efficacy of Sativex has come from long-term open-label exposurei. The results reported today confirm in the context of a placebo-controlled double-blind study that efficacy is indeed maintained in long-term use.

The results of this study are of further significance to GW since the design bears important similarities to the ongoing Phase III MS spasticity study requested by the UK regulator prior to granting approval for Sativex. This ongoing Phase III study involves all patients receiving Sativex for 4 weeks, following which Sativex responders are randomized to continue on Sativex or switch to placebo for a further 12 weeks. This study is due to report results in Q1 2009 with a regulatory submission targeted for H1 09.

Dr Stephen Wright, GW’s R&D Director, said: “This is the first placebo-controlled study showing that Sativex provides long term efficacy for MS patients with neuropathic pain and supplements previously published open-label studies. In addition, these results support the design of the ongoing Phase III trial in MS spasticity. It is encouraging to note that if the difference between Sativex and placebo achieved in the results today are replicated in the ongoing Phase III MS spasticity study, this Phase III study will meet its objectives.”

Enquiries:

GW Pharmaceuticals plc (Today) + 44 20 7831 3113
Dr Geoffrey Guy, Executive Chairman (Thereafter) + 44 1980 557000
Justin Gover, Managing Director

Financial Dynamics + 44 20 7831 3113
David Yates / John Dineen



Notes to Editors

About GW
GW was founded in 1998 and listed on the AiM, a market of the London Stock Exchange, in June 2001. Operating under license from the UK Home Office, the company researches and develops cannabinoid pharmaceutical products for patients who suffer from a range of serious ailments, in particular pain and other neurological symptoms. GW has assembled a team of over 100 scientists with extensive experience in developing both plant-based prescription pharmaceutical products and medicines containing controlled substances. GW occupies a world leading position in cannabinoids and has developed an extensive international network of the most prominent scientists in the field.

iRog DJ et al. Clinical Therapeutics. 2007; 29: 2068-2079

Tuesday, August 05, 2008

Expert Opinion Paper - National MS Society Makes Recommendations Regarding Therapeutic Use Of Cannabis





Washington, DC: Cannabis has the potential to treat symptoms of multiple sclerosis as well as limit the progression of the disease, according to an expert opinion paper published by the US National Multiple Sclerosis Society. However, the Society stopped short of recommending that MS patients use the drug medicinally.

“Although it is clear that cannabinoids have potential both for the management of MS symptoms such as pain and spasticity, as well as for neuroprotection, the Society cannot at this time recommend that medical marijuana be made widely available to people with MS for symptom management,” the Society concludes. “This situation might change, should better data become available that clearly demonstrate benefit.”

The Society recommends that future clinical trials focus on methods of cannabinoid administration that deliver the drug to the bloodstream rapidly, such as vaporization.

The Society also recommends clinical trials be performed to investigate and quantify cannabis’ potential to slow disease progression, citing “anecdotal reports from patients … that cannabis reduces the frequency of their MS attacks.”

Investigators at Plymouth’s Peninsula Medical School in Britain recently announced that they had recruited nearly 500 MS patients for a three-year clinical trial assessing whether the use of oral THC can significantly slow the onset of multiple sclerosis.

Clinical data reported in 2006 from an extended open-label study of 167 multiple sclerosis patients found that the use of whole plant cannabinoid extracts relieved symptoms of pain, spasticity, and bladder incontinence for an extended period of treatment (mean duration of study participants was 434 days) without requiring subjects to increase their dose.

Results from a separate two-year open label extension trial in 2007 also reported that the administration of cannabis extracts was associated with long-term reductions in neuropathic pain in select MS patients. On average, patients in the study required fewer daily doses of the drug and reported lower median pain scores the longer they took it.

Commenting on the MS Society report, NORML Deputy Director Paul Armentano said: “The MS Society’s recommendations are a positive step, but they don’t go far enough. Surveys indicate that as many as one out of two MS patients use cannabis therapeutically, yet this report does nothing to challenge these patients legal status as criminals.”



For more information, please contact Paul Armentano, NORML Deputy Director, at: paul@norml.orgThis e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it

Full text of the MS Society paper, “Recommendations Regarding the Use of Cannabis in Multiple Sclerosis”. Additional information on cannabinoids and multiple sclerosis is available from NORML. The paper can also be downloaded from the NMSS web site in PDF format by clicking on the title of this posting.

http://norml.org/

Wednesday, April 09, 2008

GW Pharma plunges as cannabis drug trial disappoints





Phase III MS Neuropathic Pain Trial Preliminary Results


- Very high patient response rate to Sativex but statistical significance narrowly missed due to large, unexpected placebo response -
- Ongoing Phase III trial in MS Spasticity on track and due to report in Q4 -
- MS Spasticity trial has specific features designed to address placebo response -

Porton Down, UK, 8 April 2008: GW Pharmaceuticals plc (AIM: GWP) announces preliminary results of a Phase III double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study of Sativex® in 339 patients with central neuropathic pain due to Multiple Sclerosis (MS), who have achieved inadequate pain relief with existing therapies.

This study is one of three Phase III trials for Sativex underway in 2008, each of which targets a distinct indication. The other European Phase III study in MS Spasticity, requested last year by the UK regulator in order to gain approval in this indication and which involves a different trial design, is on track to report later this year.

The primary efficacy endpoint in the study reported today was the proportion of patients whose pain reduced by at least 30% as measured on a 0-10 numerical rating scale (“responder analysis”). In this study, 50% of Sativex patients experienced a pain reduction of at least 30%, the second largest response rate seen in any Sativex study and amongst the largest seen for any pain treatment in the published literature. However, although the difference between the Sativex and placebo groups was clearly in favour of Sativex, it narrowly failed to reach statistical significance in this trial due to an unexpectedly large placebo response. Key secondary endpoints followed the same trend – in favour of Sativex versus placebo but not at a statistically significant level due to the very high placebo response.

The placebo response in the study reported today appears related to dosing design, whereby patients were able to self-administer the oral spray at will. This was intended to reflect as far as possible the “real world” use of Sativex whereby patients initially experiment with dosing of Sativex to find their optimum dose level and which, once established, is usually maintained thereafter. Analysis of the efficacy data at fixed dose levels demonstrates a highly significant difference between Sativex and placebo. However, a consequence of allowing patients to determine their own dose was that patients on placebo took significantly more doses than patients on Sativex, thus confounding the overall comparison. This validates the decision by GW last year to adopt a fixed target dose approach in both the ongoing studies of Sativex in MS Spasticity and Cancer Pain.

The safety profile of Sativex in this study is superior to that seen in previous studies. The withdrawal rate due to adverse events was 9% on Sativex vs 6% on placebo, the lowest seen in long duration Sativex studies. As in previous studies, the most common adverse event was dizziness. The rate of this adverse event was less than in previous studies (20% on Sativex vs 8% on placebo as compared with 32% vs 9%).

GW’s regulatory strategy is to file Sativex for approval in MS Spasticity in Europe and Cancer Pain in the United States. In Europe, regulatory discussions with the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) have exclusively focused on MS Spasticity, a distinct indication supported by different clinical trials. Last year, the MHRA provided clear guidance on the additional clinical trial required for approval. As indicated above, this trial is on track and due to report later this year.

Dr Stephen Wright, R&D Director, said: “It is clear from the size of the response seen in this study that Sativex provides important improvements for these high need patients, even those that have failed to respond to all other pain treatments. It is frustrating that the extent of the placebo response has narrowly prevented the benefits seen on Sativex translating into a statistically significant outcome. The design of the MS Spasticity study due to report later this year is specifically focused on limiting the potential for placebo response and we expect the outcome of this trial and our other studies to confirm the benefits of Sativex.”

“MS Spasticity is a distinct indication supported by different clinical trials and the route to regulatory approval for Sativex as a treatment for this indication remains clear and unaffected by the data announced today.”

Dr Stuart Ratcliffe, Principal Investigator of the study and most recently Director, Pain Research Group, St Bartholomew’s and The Royal London Hospitals NHS Trust, added: “In seeking to replicate the real world usage of Sativex, where each patient finds his or her own optimum dose level, the design of this trial appears to have encouraged an abnormally high placebo response. However, this in no way should detract from the beneficial effects of Sativex seen in the study. Patients saw a marked improvement in their symptoms, a highly impressive effect since they are treatment resistant, and the study recorded the lowest drop-out rate, demonstrating the mild side effect profile of Sativex. My experience with Sativex continues to show that it is an extremely helpful medicine for these high need patients and I am confident that the ongoing trials which seek to address the placebo issue will demonstrate its value.”

Following a comprehensive review of this data, GW intends to carry out a further study in this patient population.

As at 31 March 2008, GW’s cash position stood at £18.5m.

There will be a conference call for analysts today at 8.30am BST. Analysts should contact Gemma Cross Brown at Financial Dynamics on +44 (0) 20 7831 3113 for details. There will be a live audio web cast of this call, which will be accessible on the press releases page in the investor relations section of the GW website (www.gwpharm.com). A recording of this call will be available on the GW website later today.

Enquiries:

GW Pharmaceuticals plc
(Today) + 44 20 7831 3113

Dr Geoffrey Guy, Executive Chairman

(Thereafter) + 44 1980 557000

Justin Gover, Managing Director


Financial Dynamics

+ 44 20 7831 3113

David Yates / Ben Atwell

Notes to Editors

About GW
GW was founded in 1998 and listed on the AiM, a market of the London Stock Exchange, in June 2001. Operating under license from the UK Home Office, the company researches and develops cannabinoid pharmaceutical products for patients who suffer from a range of serious ailments, in particular pain and other neurological symptoms. GW has assembled a team of over 100 scientists with extensive experience in developing both plant-based prescription pharmaceutical products and medicines containing controlled substances. GW occupies a world leading position in cannabinoids and has developed an extensive international network of the most prominent scientists in the field.

Sativex Phase III trial in MS Neuropathic Pain

This study focused on high need MS patients, who were already taking a range of currently available pain treatments, and yet still suffered severe pain, and who remained on such treatments during the course of the study. Improvements seen in this study therefore represent benefits over and above that which can be achieved with currently available medication. The study recruited patients in the UK, Canada, France, Spain and the Czech Republic and the duration of treatment in the study was 14 weeks.

GW has previously carried out a similar Phase III study with positive results, which was published in the peer-reviewed journal, Neurology. That study showed that Sativex was significantly superior to placebo in reducing pain (p=0.005) and sleep disturbance (p=0.003)1. In this previous study the placebo response was less than that seen in the study reported today.

Clinical & Regulatory Strategy for Sativex

The strategy for Sativex is focused on four specific therapeutic indications, each of which represents a distinct regulatory opportunity and each of which requires a distinct set of clinical efficacy data. These indications are as follows:

Each of these target indications is supported by existing positive Phase III data and will continue to be supplemented by further late stage trials over the next few years in order to supplement globally approvable regulatory packages and provide more data to support the marketing of the product post approval.

The lead indication for Sativex differs across different regions of the world. In the US, Cancer Pain is the chosen initial target. In Canada, MS Neuropathic Pain was the first approved indication, which has now been successfully followed by the approval in Cancer Pain. In Europe, the entry point for Sativex is MS, with MS Spasticity representing the nearest term approval possibility.

This clinical and regulatory programme is designed to provide multiple opportunities over the next few years to obtain approvals for Sativex across various indications in a number of territories.

1. D.J.Rog, T.J.Nurmikko, T.Friede, and C.A Young. Randomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2005;65:812

Tuesday, November 27, 2007

New Published Study Shows Sativex® Successfully Treats Neuropathic Pain




12/11/2007

Porton Down, UK, 12 November 2007 - GW Pharmaceuticals plc (AIM: GWP) today announces that The International Association of the Study of Pain has published online the results of a study in its official journal Pain, showing that Sativex® successfully treats peripheral neuropathic pain1.

The trial was a multi centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled parallel group study, conducted in 125 patients with peripheral neuropathic pain characterised by allodynia. The publication of these data follows the previous announcement of preliminary results of this study.

In the study, Sativex demonstrated significant superiority to placebo in reducing pain, as measured on a 0-10 Numeric Rating Scale (p=0.004), the primary endpoint of the study. Statistically significant improvements were also seen in the Neuropathic Pain Scale composite score (p=0.007), sleep disturbance (p=0.001), dynamic allodynia (p=0.042), punctate allodynia (p=0.021), Pain Disability Index (p=0.003) and Patients Global Impression of Change (p<0.0001).

Sativex was well-tolerated in this study, with the majority of adverse events being mild or moderate. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events.

The five week trial was conducted in patients who were experiencing significant levels of neuropathic pain and who had failed to gain adequate relief from currently available analgesic medications. Patients enrolled in the study continued to take their existing medication throughout the trial. Sixty-nine percent of patients were taking opioid analgesics. Hence, improvements obtained on Sativex were over and above those obtained on currently available treatments.

Professor Turo Nurmikko, Principal Investigator, Professor of Pain Science and Consultant Pain Physician at the Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool, commented, "Peripheral neuropathic pain can be extremely disabling and is one of the most difficult types of chronic pain to treat. This study demonstrates that Sativex is effective in the relief of peripheral neuropathic pain. In particular, considering the refractory nature of their pain and that patients remained on their existing analgesia, the improvements seen on Sativex are very encouraging."

Dr Stephen Wright, Director of Research & Development at GW, noted "We are pleased that this important study has been published in Pain, a highly regarded and influential journal. This recognition of the high quality of GW clinical research and of the importance of these findings provides further evidence of the utility of Sativex in the relief of neuropathic pain, an area of significant unmet medical need."

This study is part of a broad programme of clinical trials aimed at securing future regulatory approval for Sativex in neuropathic pain. It is intended to conduct further Phase III clinical trials targeted at neuropathic pain following initial regulatory approval for Sativex in Multiple Sclerosis in Europe.

- ends -

Enquiries:

GW Pharmaceuticals plc Today: +44 (0)20 7831 3113
Dr Geoffrey Guy, Executive Chairman
Justin Gover, Managing Director
Dr Stephen Wright, R&D Director

Financial Dynamics Tel: +44 (0)20 7831 3113
David Yates, Ben Atwell
Notes to Editors

Sativex®
Sativex (THC:CBD), an endocannabinoid system modulator, is derived from whole plant extracts of two specifically bred cannabis plant varieties. The extracts are combined to produce a standardised formulation containing two major components of cannabis, the cannabinoids D9-tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) and cannabidiol(CBD).

Sativex is formulated into a pump action oromucosal (mouth) spray designed for self-administration by the patient. This formulation allows for flexible dosing, ideal for the variable nature of MS. Each spray of Sativex delivers a fixed dose of 2.7mg THC and 2.5mg CBD. Sativex was generally well tolerated in the study.

Allodynia
Allodynia is the occurrence of pain in response to a normally non-painful stimulus (e.g. clothes touching against the skin). It is often intense and can occur in patients suffering from a range of conditions that damage the peripheral nerves (e.g. diabetes, post-herpetic neuralgia) and is a highly reliable marker of neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain can be difficult to diagnose and may be confused with nociceptive pain (caused by bodily injury - 'visceral' or 'somatic'). The presence of allodynia can confirm that the pain experienced by the patient is truly neuropathic.

Neuropathic Pain
Neuropathic pain is caused by damage to or dysfunction of the nervous system. It is usually chronic and accompanied by unpleasant burning or shooting sensations, or extreme sensitivity to touch. The classification of central or peripheral neuropathic pain is determined by the location of the damage or dysfunction in the nervous system.
It is estimated that at least 1 per cent. of the world's population suffers from neuropathic pain, including over 600,000 patients in UK.
Neuropathic pain can be associated with many conditions including multiple sclerosis, stroke, cancer, spinal cord injury, physical trauma and peripheral neuropathy resulting from diabetes. It can also occur in patients who have previously suffered from shingles, a condition known as post-herpetic neuralgia.
Neuropathic pain is one of the most difficult types of chronic pain to treat. Since treatment options are limited, doctors often prescribe a combination of therapies in an attempt to relieve symptoms.

GW Pharmaceuticals plc
GW was founded in 1998 and listed on the AIM, a market of the London Stock Exchange, in June 2001. Operating under license from the UK Home Office, the company researches and develops cannabinoid pharmaceutical products that alleviate pain and other neurological symptoms in patients who suffer from serious ailments.

GW has assembled a team of over 100 scientists with extensive experience in developing both plant-based prescription pharmaceutical products and medicines containing controlled substances. GW occupies a world leading position in cannabinoids and has developed an extensive international network of the most prominent scientists in the field. For further information, please visit www.gwpharm.com

References

1. Nurmikko T, Serpell M, et al. Sativex Successfully Treats Neuropathic Pain Characterised by Allodynia: a Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Pain. 2007: doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.08.028M