Scientists decry President Bush's veto of stem-cell bill

Senate may yet override decision, but House falls short of needed votes.

Meredith Wadman

For the second time in less than a year, President George W. Bush yesterday vetoed legislation that would lift restrictions on US federal funding for human embryonic stem-cell research. The bill, passed by the Senate and the House, allows government funding for research on stem cells derived from embryos that are left over at fertility clinics and slated for destruction. "I will not allow our nation to cross this moral line," Bush said.

Bush also announced that he had signed an executive order — without new money attached — directing the government to support research on stem cells derived without creating or destroying embryos. He cited as an "exciting" example of this, three recent papers reporting the reprogramming of mouse skin cells into cells that seem indistinguishable from embryonic stem cells (see 'Simple switch turns cells embryonic'). This work was only done in mice, and the cells came with associated problems that would make them unsafe for therapeutic use.

Scientists, scientific societies and congressional critics decried the veto and dismissed the executive order as a red herring. The American Association for the Advancement of Science said that the order "is not a substitute" for the vetoed bill and noted that the new approaches supported by the order seem to already be eligible for federal funding.

Not satisfactory

Kathrin Plath, a stem-cell biologist at the University of California, Los Angeles, said that Bush's order "doesn't satisfy me, because we have to study stem cells derived from fertility clinic embryos to understand what a human embryonic stem cell is all about." Plath, who was a senior author on one of the three recent papers referred to by Bush1, notes that her group's results haven't been reproduced with human cells yet. "Human reprogramming might just not work," she says.

Federal funding is currently limited to work on a score of human embryonic stem-cell lines derived before August, 2001.

A recent poll, published today in Science2, shows that 60% of more than 1,000 infertility patients responding to a survey would probably donate their unused embryos for stem-cell research rather then have them destroyed or donated to another couple. So should the bill succeed, there would probably be a large source of embryonic cells available for research.

The Senate is expected to try to override Bush's veto in the coming weeks, and may muster the two-thirds majority required to do so. The House of Representatives is several dozen votes short of a veto-proof majority.

DeGette's response to Bush veto

June 20, 2007

Rep. Diana DeGette, D-Denver, offered the following statement at a press conference in reaction to President Bush's second veto of the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act.

"President Bush remains stubbornly defiant by once again vetoing potentially life-saving legislation that would give millions of patients and their families hope. Congress gave President Bush another opportunity to do the right thing, but once again he put politics before science.

"The president has become a roadblock to allowing this research to unlock doors to treatments and cures for numerous diseases and conditions — including diabetes, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis.

"I can understand why President Bush is hiding from the public to veto this legislation in private — he refuses to meet with us, he refuses to give ground, and he continues to turn his head to the promise of embryonic stem cell research.

"Today's Executive Order by President Bush is not a substitute for the promise of embryonic stem cell research.

"I support all forms of ethical stem cell research. However, the vast majority of scientists agree that embryonic stem cell research offers the greatest promise for developing treatments and cures for countless diseases and conditions. That is why I and a bipartisan majority of Congress feel strongly that we must allow federal funding for embryonic stem cell research.

"While I support these other methods of research, the consensus among the scientific community is that these methods are years behind the progress of embryonic stem cell research.

"An example of this progress was the recent announcement by British scientists that embryonic stem cells may be used to cure a form of macular degeneration within five years. This research was made possible by an anonymous donation from a U.S. donor, who has become frustrated by curbs on stem cell work in this country.

"A recent Gallup Poll found growing support among the American public; nearly 65 percent of the American people support embryonic stem cell research.

"Despite passing both Houses of Congress with broad, bipartisan majorities, the president again turns his back on Congress and the American people.

"The Senate gets it. The House gets it. The American people get it. Why doesn't the president?

"Every time the Congress overwhelmingly passes the stem cell bill, the president calls for additional research that is already under way. He can try to change the debate about stem cell research, but the facts remain: embryonic stem cell research shows the most promise, and is supported by a solid majority of the American public.

"I will not let one stubborn man stand in our way — I am committed to making this bill become law. With every new vote in the House and Senate, we come closer to a veto proof majority.

"The 2006 election was largely a referendum on President Bush's policies and the results make clear that his first veto was a mistake.

"As one of the major legislative agenda items of the newly elected Democratic Congress, the House again passed this with an even greater majority in January — of the 16 new Democratic votes in support, 14 were cast by members who defeated or replaced Republicans who opposed this research.

"With the House passage earlier this month, we picked up two more votes. We are making progress towards overriding the president's veto.

"The president can do this the hard way, or the easy way — unfortunately he has chosen the hard way. I will continue to give the president the opportunity to do the right thing."

Stem Cell Bill Passes MS, Activists Attend Event At U.S. Capitol - Stem Cell Bill Moves To President's Desk

The House of Representatives passed the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act (S. 5) on Thursday, June 7, with a bipartisan vote of 247 to 176. Thank you to the thousands of you who contacted your representatives in Congress recently in support of this issue. Several MS activists participated in an event lauding the passage of the bill in the U.S. Capitol building following the vote. They joined Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi (CA) and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (NV), along with House champions Mike Castle (DE) and Dianne DeGette (CO) and Senate champions Dick Durbin (IL) and Arlen Specter (PA), at the celebration.

MS activists who joined in the event included Janet Abrams, Yvonne Brown, Sharon Dodge, Rob Engel, Karen Jackson, Philip Fryer, David Powell, and Bev Thomas. MS activists nationwide have been leaders in speaking out in support of expanded stem cell research.

The bill is now on its way to the president's desk, but he has vowed to veto any legislation lifting his ban on federal funding for additional embryonic stem cell lines. At the Administration's request, this bill includes language that encourages the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to pursue other forms of stem cell research outside embryonic stem cell research. It is because of this modification that the House needed to vote on the Senate bill (S. 5). However, it is expected that President Bush still will veto the bill.

If a veto occurs, the bill will return to the Congressional chamber of origin- in this case the Senate- for an override attempt. A two-thirds majority is necessary to override a presidential veto. While the votes are close, it is possible that the Senate will have the 67 votes necessary. We will keep all MS activists up to date as this progresses in the coming week.

Recent News on Stem Cell Research

The Society is encouraged by recent news on other scientific advances related to stem cells, such as "reprogramming" stem cells without destruction of the embryo. The Society hopes that this science can be verified through peer review studies. We continue to support all types of stem cell research that could help end the devastating effects of MS.

Autoimmune Disease Rally and Health Fair

MS activists participated in the Autoimmune Disease Awareness Rally and Health Fair on May 22, in recognition of May 2007 as National Autoimmune Diseases Awareness Month. The American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association (AARDA) and the National Coalition of Autoimmune Patient Groups (NCAPG) hosted, and the Society helped sponsor and support, this important event.

Congressmen Steve Israel (NY) and Patrick Kennedy (RI) spoke at the rally, highlighting the need for better education, research, and understanding of autoimmune diseases. Dave Gearing, who lives with MS , spoke to the need for better diagnostic tools and imaging for identifying autoimmune diseases. The event helped call on Americans to learn more about autoimmune diseases like MS, which are still not well-known or understood by the medical and research communities and the public.

Defense Appropriation for MS Research

The House Defense Appropriations Subcommittee currently is considering the $15 million federal appropriation for multiple sclerosis (MS) research. The issue continues to move forward in Congress but will likely wrap up by mid-July. MS activists whose legislators have particular influence over this issue have been taking action recently.

Recent studies of U.S. veterans living with MS indicate the need for additional research through this Defense appropriation. Read the story of a Gulf War veteran in Kentucky who is living with MS. The funding would be appropriated through the Office of Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP), administered by the Department of Defense, for research into the triggers and treatments of MS. This new source of federal funding for MS research could help move us closer to a world free of MS.

National Multiple Sclerosis Society